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A Stuck Handbrake

This tip is actually 7 tips all parceled up in an anecdote. There have been many posts about a handbrake being stuck and refusing to disengage. Here’s a story that happened to me a few days ago. I was installing a brand new copy of X-Plane on a new machine. The latest released version – NOT a beta version. This was the most basic of installations – I simply downloaded the installer with a minimal amount of scenery. Once the installation had completed and the introductory tutorial had automatically started, I listened to Austin for a few moments and then skipped the rest of the introductory tutorial. I then shut down X-Plane and restarted it, fully expecting everything to work perfectly.

To my annoyance, when I began the first flight with the Cessna 172 Skyhawk, starting with all engines running, the handbrake would not release. There have been many posts about such weird behaviour so I began the usual search for the offending settings.

  • Tip 1 – The first and obvious thing was to press the [B] key or the [V] key while looking at the handbrake in the virtual cockpit. Nothing happened. Moving the mouse over the handbrake changed the icon to the hand symbol as expected, but clicking it had no effect.
  • Tip 2 – The next thing was simply to shut X-Plane down and restart it. Back in the cockpit, the handbrake was still stuck. At this point, I want to emphasize that this was an absolutely virginal download, with nothing extra installed and nothing configured at all.Next, I decided to shut X-Plane down and reboot the computer itself. No joy.I then tried shutting down again, but this time shutting the computer down completely [instead of just rebooting] and killing the power to the PC. After waiting 30 seconds or so for any stored charge in the machine to dissipate, I restarted the computer and restarted explain. Nope, the handbrake was still stuck.
  • Tip 3 – In the virtual cockpit, looking down at the pedals, I pressed each pedal down and watched the pedal image follow my physical movement. Pressing both pedals down and releasing will usually disengage the handbrake in X-Plane. Not this time. (By the way, on a first installation you sometimes need to reverse the pedal movement axis – you can see if this needs reversing by simply looking at the pedals in the virtual cockpit while depressing them) reverse axis.jpg
  • Tip 4 – The next step was to see whether a button on one of the controllers had been somehow bound to the handbrake. The usual shortcut to release the handbrake is the [B] key – break normally on, or the [V] key – break fully on – Parking brake. So I started looking for some control bound to one of those keys. No luck. Settings Joystick.jpgI checked every single button on the yoke and the throttle quadrant. Nothing was bound to [B] or [V]. I then repeated the process checking for every single switch. No luck.
  • Tip 5 – Next, I had a look at the key bindings themselves. In the Settings –> Keyboard section I selected the “Currently Assigned” filter and scrolled down to the basics section, looking for the two “toggle brakes” key bindings.
    key bindings.jpg
    They appeared to be correct [b and v].
  • Tip 6 – Next, I went to look again at the control buttons and switches, this time flipping each switch and clicking each button and checking on the joystick screen that the buttons were actually functional. No errors there.
  • Tip 7 – Now having checked all that I could think of to check, I started scratching my head. What what’s going on? The only thing that remained in my mind was that somewhere somehow some erroneous piece of data must have been stuck in some memory cache somewhere. So I decided to change aircrafts. I loaded up the C172 digital G1000 instead, and tried the handbrake again. It worked perfectly! I then shut X-Plane down, and restarted again with the original C172 analog skyhawk – and lo and behold, the handbrake worked correctly!  So this non-intuitive tip is a simple one. If all else fails, load a different aircraft. X-Plane should then load that aircraft’s settings instead. Then reload the original aircraft again.
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Autopilot Disconnections

In the most commonly flown GA aircraft – the C172 Skyhawk – fitted with the S-TEC 55, there is an annoying behaviour which can catch the most seasoned X-Plane pilot unawares:

The autopilot is supposed to be “left in peace” when engaged, and disconnected (via a button on the yoke) before making manual corrections.

However, the autopilot is often sufficiently “forgiving” that we get lazy and sometimes make a manual course adjustment with the yoke, without disconnecting the autopilot. The autopilot will then “fight” you by opposing your action, and then happily just carry on once you have released the yoke. We often try this when we see that the wind has blown us a little off-track and we want to briefly move left or right and then allow the autopilot to resume our course.

This works fine, until it doesn’t. At some point the autopilot stops fighting our manual input and simply disconnects. The problem is that unless we are watching the STEC-55 display we will not see that the autopilot has disconnected. This can have a disturbing result when we release the yoke and expect the autopilot to resume course.

The autopilot often disconnects without warning:

  • If you override the heading by trying to turn too sharply
  • If you override the heading too long
  • If you move the throttle so that your speed approaches a stall
  • If you pitch up too steeply

The problem is that you never quite know what you can “get away with”

Moral of the story… Always disconnect the autopilot before making manual changes and trim the aircraft before restoring the autopilot.

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Flying Straight in a C172

Most single-prop pilots are keenly aware of the veering to the left when starting the take-off run. The prop-wash effect is clearly understood and well simulated in X-Plane.

But the problem of not flying straight when in flight is a different matter. For all those who are agonizing about how to prevent a Cessna 172 from veering off to the left or right when cruising, there is a very important recent thread on X-Plane.org with loads of good information about this matter. Take particular note of @skycycle’s post on the subject.

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Brakes, Chocks and Aircraft that refuse to Taxi

There have been a number of changes to the way brakes are applied and released.

  • If the brakes are released and the aircraft still won’t move, check the chocks in the ground handling menu.
  • The “V” key (maximum brake effort) works differently. You can no loner release brakes by using V as a toggle.
  • The “B” key works in some aircraft and not in others (try it in the Cirrus for example)
  • The “B” key has different strengths in different aircraft.
  • And of course the granddaddy of all handbrake confusion – check that your pedals are not set to “full brakes” when released. (To fix, swap the brake axis assignments by ticking or unticking the “Reverse axis” checkbox in the AXES section of the Joystick Settings menu).

And the BEST TIP OF ALL:

– Set the Data Output “Gear & brakes” (#14) to display on the screen. Then you can see what is working and at what strength (from 0.0 to 1.0).

The easiest way to see “whats going on” is to use the Data Output functionality and display “gear&brakes”, this will show you the ratio of brake application from 0.0 to 1.0.